There are different types of unions ...
There are different types of unions.
There are those unions that you choose to join at your job.
And then there are those unions you are forced to join to work at all.
This is about unions you are forced to join. This is about unions that can take, directly from your paycheck, and spend that money on political action committees (PACs) and other, 100% political activities. This is about you having no choice in the matter.
Unions are a great American institution, the right to assembly, probably the most important part of the first Amendment (along with free press, free speech being a critical component of that trinity as well). It exists because the British prevented its American citizens from being allowed to assemble, which was the largest complaint leading into the American revolution, and revisited once again when the Second Continental Congress wanted to create a strong, federal government. Unions are about people deciding when an employer or government has gone too far, they assemble to make it known, as is their individual right to form a group with one voice.
Unfortunately within fifty years of the invention of the union, unions took another turn. It grew up with the idea that the right of the group was more important than the right of the individual. That the individual should not have a choice whether or not to join the group, but must be forced to join the group, even if they disagreed. The concept of "group rights" and "for the greater good" took hold, regardless of "individual choice" and "individual rights."
This is when different American states started to enact legislation requiring unions, and granting monopolies to specific unions. These are called "closed shop states." States that did not are called "right to work states."
Most of the latter states also have laws stating that any associating or organization that uses contributions for political actions must make those known and separate from donations from other operations. I live in such a "right to work" state, and several, professional organizations I belong to cannot use my funds for PACs and other, political activities unless I designate so.
Companies like Honda, Toyota and BWM founded plants in "right to work states," where unions exist, but they are not forced into collective bargaining with them. Collective bargaining is when an organization is forced to deal with union, and everyone works under that union, no exceptions. Unions like the UAW and others operate in states where they have this control and power. So when people say Honda, Toyota and BWM don't have unions, what they mean are they don't have unions with collective bargaining power, because they are in states where this doesn't exist.
Eventually the concept of "closed shop" hit the state employees too. And this is what this is all about. It's about people having no choice to join an union and pay dues, including for PACs and other political activities, if they want to work there. This is common in many states, but also outlawed in other states. And most ironically, it's outlawed by the US federal government, which several US Presidents (both Democrat and Republican) have made known during their administrations in various actions.
Which brings us to Wisconsin, and how many other "closed shop" states now taking an interest.
Statistically, Wisconsin has one of the best sets of benefits for their public servants, paying half as much as even a typical US Federal worker for benefits. Also in stark contrast to non-state workers, the income and benefit packages are far above normal. While many constituents believe police and fire servants are deserving, many view those in administrative positions are not.
Which brings us to the Republican shift in power in many states as of late. They claim they were elected to bring their budgets under control, and this is one way they will do it. The biggest income of state is typically its property taxes, with income taxes supplementary (if it has any). With the housing market imploded, income is way, way down for states. The biggest expenses and liabilities in its state are its education and law enforcement staffs, and the related retirement of its public servants. It's wholly unlike the federal government that relies on largely income taxes, and can shift expenses from defense to other things, let alone the US federal doesn't fund education and law enforcement much (that's left to the control of states).
For those outside the US, understand the US' large "baby boomer" generation is retiring. The US' prime income earners are "Gen-X" and much smaller than the Boomers. Whereas the Boomers in their prime income earning years of the '90s helped the economy, the massive shift to Gen-X, much smaller, is only getting worse. Gen-Y is as big as the Boomers, but their academic results are the worst generation yet, especially in critical math and science where the US is starting to have a "brain dropoff" with much technology being invented either with the slowly dying latter generations or outside the US. So recovery is not expected there.
So the Republicans have started a battle in Wisconsin to cap collective bargaining rights on public servants, sans police and fire. Democrats say this is because the ones they aren't capping vote more to the right, while other public servants vote more to the left. Furthermore, by removing the automatic political deductions, which Wisconsin's collective bargaining rules currently allow (money to be used for PACs without approval of the employee), this weakens the contributions to the left as well.
The Wisconsin laws do allow pay raises at the rate of inflation. Many states, including the one I live in, don't even have that, and teachers and other servants have gone almost 3 years without raises. They are also paid less than Wisconsin. Some would argue this shows that my home state could benefit from forcing people into collective bargaining. At the same time, one can argue that the pay rates in my state for public servants more closely match private industry.
But in the middle are the people who were promised benefits. Even several on Fox News recognized this, that people have contracts and they were guaranteed benefits. At the same time governments are not private enterprises, where people can lose benefits because the company is not doing well. So Republicans argue that because of the deficits going on right now, it's hard to maintain those contracts.
This is much of a repeat of what happened with Wall Street, where people argued a right to benefits in a failed company, and the US federal government pointed out the company was going to fail so those contracts were null and voice. Some Wall Street employees still got their contracted benefits fulfilled, so regardless of any argument that the state of Wisconsin needs to cut benefits, there is an argument that "the little guy" deserves what they were promised as well.
It's a tough set of issues. But one thing is for sure. There is political grandstanding on all sides.
While it's hard for me to side with the unions behind Wisconsin public servants who have benefits not only in excess of many others, but group rights that even many public servant (especially federal) do not have, I have to see the individual public servants who did their time and should get their benefits. But I do not believe in collective bargaining because the definition of group rights over the individual is communist in nature. I believe in unions by individual choice, and even more so, I believe individuals have a right to say no to portions of their paycheck being used for PACs, even if they want to belong to the union.
I believe Wisconsin, like many states, could benefit from finally getting away from being a "closed shop" state. Most of the US North's industrial production was lost because many corporations decided to flee these issues, and move to "right to work" states, let alone overseas. At the same time, I have sided with several union views, including not passing NAFTA, as it created a loophole on trade that many exploited. NAFTA itself was also a special interest bill, with both Democrat and Republican leaders having major, quite non-objective, fiscal incentives in supporting.
The issues are difficult, and the politics unreal, and the answer pretty jaded on all sides.