You want to score more points than the other team. Quickest way is to
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(touchdowns, but you actually have to physically touch the ball down in the try zone past the goal posts) which are worth 5 points. They are followed by a conversion kick attempt worth two extra points (this is taken parallel to where the try was scored). Kicks from the sideline are hard, but if you are good enough you can do this -
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There are also penalty kicks, which are similar to conversions but taken from the spot where the penalty was given and worth 3 points. The different penalties would take too long to explain, but there is the usual like offsides and dangerous tackles.
Another way is with drop kick goals (3 points). You can do these almost anytime, anywhere but they are not easy to do consistently. But if you are good you can do this -
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Important things...Don't pass the ball forwards under any circumstances, don't lose control the ball propelling it forward (scrum with feed to the opposition in each case) and
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. No shoulder charges, no spear tackles (dropping them on their head pretty much). No blocking/obstructing the opposition from a tackle.
15 guys on each side. The number on their back denotes their position.
Basically...1-3 are the slow, fat and strong guys.
4-5 are the tall guys. If they ball goes out of play, they usually throw it back in to a lineout where tall guys have the advantage.
6-7 are pretty strong too and are good at stealing the ball off tackled opponents. 8 kinda does a bit of everything.
These 8 guys are the ones in the scrum, when they get in a crouching pack and push against the other 8 guys.
9 is usually a little quick guy that is the first to pass the ball (sometimes run with it) from a ruck: when a player gets tackled to the ground and other guys pile on top of him.
10 is like the captain of the ship on offence, he is the first to receive the ball from 9 and decides what to do... run, pass, kick etc. Most like the quarterback equivalent in terms of star power, but probably not on-field importance.
11 and 14 are the fastest guys on the team on the left and right ends of the field respectively. Like the equivalent of wide out receivers.
12 and 13 are the centres, behind the 9 and 10 guys. Not as fast as 11/14 but often physically stronger and more built.
15 is the guy at the back who is the last line of defence (like a safety) and is usually good at catching kicks too.
9-15 are usually the guys that score the most tries, which often involve passing patterns, decoy runners, agile moves and so on.
There are is no equivalent to 4th down turnovers, you can keep the ball as long as you can manage if you want.
That's all I got for now. I live about 45 minutes from where the final is going to be played but I don't have tickets.